The sudden arrest of the Templars (in 1307, TN), the conflicting stories about confessions, and the dramatic deaths by burning, generated many stories and legends about both the Order and its last Grand Master. One suggested that De Molay wanted to join forces with the Mongols. True or false?
In 19th century France, stories circulated that Jacques de Molay, the last Templar Grand Master,
had captured Jerusalem in 1300. These rumors are probably related to the
fact that the medieval historian the Templar of Tyre wrote about a Mongol general named "Mulay" who occupied Syria and Palestine for a few months in early 1300. The Mongol Mulay and the Templar Molay were entirely different people, but some historians regularly confused the two.
The confusion was enhanced in 1805, when the French playwright
and historian François Raynouard made claims that Jerusalem had been
captured by the Mongols, with Molay in command of one of the Mongol
divisions. "In 1299, the Grand-Master was with his knights at the recapture of Jerusalem."
This story of wishful thinking was so popular in France that in 1846 a
large-scale painting was created by Claude Jacquand, titled Molay Prend Jerusalem, 1299
("Molay Takes Jerusalem, 1299"), which depicts the supposed event.
Today the painting hangs in the Hall of the Crusades in the French
national museum of Versailles.
In the 1861 edition of the French encyclopedia, the Nouvelle Biographie Universelle, it even lists Molay as a Mongol commander in its "Molay" article:
Jacques de Molay was not inactive in this decision of the Great Khan. This is proven by the fact that Molay was in command of one of the wings of the Mongol army. With the troops under his control, he invaded Syria, participated in the first battle in which the Sultan was vanquished, pursued the routed Malik Nasir as far as the desert of Egypt: then, under the guidance of Kutluk, a Mongol general, he was able to take Jerusalem, among other cities, over the Muslims, and the Mongols entered to celebrate Easter.
— Nouvelle Biographie Universelle, "Molay" article, 1861.
Modern historians, however, state that (...) there is no
evidence that Molay was ever a Mongol commander, and he probably never
set foot in Jerusalem. This thesis is further elaborated in this blog.
Source text Wikipedia; photo By Creator:Claude Jacquand (French, 1803-1878) - www.culture.gouv.fr/ Public
Domain, Wikimedia; Illustration: "The capture of Jerusalem by Jacques de Molay in 1299", by Claudius Jacquand, Versailles, Musée National Chateau et Trianons.
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